Overview of Kumamoto Prefectureand list of its municipalities

1．Kumamoto
Kumamoto (熊本市, Kumamoto-shi) is the capital city of Kumamoto Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of June 1, 2019, the city has an estimated population of 738,907 and a population density of 1,893 people per km2. The total area is 390.32 km2. Greater Kumamoto (熊本都市圏) had a population of 1,461,000, as of the 2000 census. As of 2010, Kumamoto Metropolitan Employment Area has a GDP of US$39.8 billion. It is not considered part of the Fukuoka–Kitakyushu metropolitan area, despite their shared border. The city was designated on April 1, 2012, by government ordinance.
Population:737,721 size of the Municipality:390.32km2
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2．Yatsushiro
Yatsushiro (八代市, Yatsushiro-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.
Population:120,146 size of the Municipality:681.36km2
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3．Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto
Hitoyoshi (人吉市, Hitoyoshi-shi) is a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on February 11, 1942. As of November 2022, the city has an estimated population of 30,752 and a population density of 144 per km2. The total area is 210.55 km2.It is famous for boat trips on the river and hot springs. Aoi Aso Shrine, one of the National Treasures of Japan, is located in Hitoyoshi. It is bounded to the north, east, and west by towns of Kuma District, and to the south by Kagoshima Prefecture.
Population:30,152 size of the Municipality:210.55km2
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4．Arao, Kumamoto
Arao (荒尾市, Arao-shi) is a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on April 1, 1942.As of March 31, 2017, the city has an estimated population of 53,675, with 24,153 households and a population density of 940 persons per km². The total area is 57.15 km².
Population:49,455 size of the Municipality:57.37km2
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5．Minamata, Kumamoto
Minamata (水俣市, Minamata-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. It is on the west coast of Kyūshū and faces Amakusa islands. Minamata was established as a village in 1889, re-designated as a town in 1912 and grew into a city in 1949. As of March 2017, the city has an estimated population of 25,310 and a population density of 160 persons per km². The total area is 162.88 km². Minamata is known due to Minamata disease, a neurological disorder caused by mercury poisoning. The disease was discovered in 1956. A local chemical plant was blamed for causing the disease by emitting untreated wastewater into Minamata Bay. Lately, Minamata has focused on becoming a model environmental city. In 1999, the city obtained the ISO 14001 certification for Environmental Management. In 2001, Minamata became an official Japanese Eco-town. In 2004 and 2005, Minamata won the Japanese Top Eco-City contest.
Population:22,405 size of the Municipality:163.29km2
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6．Tamana, Kumamoto
Tamana (玉名市, Tamana-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on April 1, 1954. As of the October 3, 2005 merger (but with 2008 population estimates), the city has an estimated population of 70,530 and a population density of 462 persons per km². The total area is 152.55 km². On October 3, 2005, the towns of Taimei, Tensui and Yokoshima (all from Tamana District) were merged into Tamana.
Population:62,816 size of the Municipality:152.60km2
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7．Yamaga, Kumamoto
Yamaga (山鹿市, Yamaga-shi) is a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on April 1, 1954. On January 15, 2005, Yamaga absorbed the towns of Kahoku, Kamoto, Kaō and Kikuka (all from Kamoto District) to create the new and expanded city of Yamaga. As of March 31, 2017, the city has a population of 53,404 and a population density of 180 persons per km2. The total area is 299.67 km2.
Population:47,440 size of the Municipality:299.69km2
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8．Kikuchi, Kumamoto
Kikuchi (菊池市, Kikuchi-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. The city was founded on August 1, 1958. As of March 31, 2017, the city has an estimated population of 49,455 and a population density of 180 persons per km2. The total area is 276.66 km2 (106.82 sq mi). On March 22, 2005, Kikuchi absorbed the towns of Shichijo and Shisui, and the village of Kyokushi (all from Kikuchi District) to create the new and expanded city of Kikuchi.
Population:45,471 size of the Municipality:276.85km2
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9．Uto, Kumamoto
Uto (宇土市, Uto-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on October 1, 1958. As of March 2017, the city has an estimated population of 37,442 and a population density of 500 km2. The total area is 74.17 km2.
Population:35,698 size of the Municipality:74.30km2
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10．Kami-Amakusa
Kami-Amakusa (上天草市, Kami-amakusa-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The modern city of Kami-Amakusa was established on March 31, 2004, from the merger of the towns of Himedo, Matsushima, Ōyano and Ryūgatake (all from Amakusa District). As of April 30, 2018, the city has an estimated population of 27,603 and a population density of 217 persons per km². The total area is 126.94 km².
Population:23,299 size of the Municipality:126.94km2
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11．Uki, Kumamoto
Uki (宇城市, Uki-shi) is a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of March 31, 2017, the city has an estimated population of 59,928, with 23,724 households and a population density of 320 persons per km2. The total area is 188.56 km2. The modern city of Uki was established on January 15, 2005, as a result of the merger between the towns of Misumi and Shiranuhi (both from Uto District), and the towns of Matsubase, Ogawa and Toyono (all from Shimomashiki District).
Population:56,137 size of the Municipality:188.61km2
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12．Aso, Kumamoto
Aso (阿蘇市, Aso-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The modern city of Aso was established on February 11, 2005, from the merger of the former town of Aso, absorbing the town of Ichinomiya, and the village of Namino (all from Aso District). As of March 31, 2017, the city has an estimated population of 27,039, with 11,355 households and a population density of 72 persons per km2. The total area is 376.25 km2. The city is situated within Aso Caldera. The source of the Kikuchi River is located in the city.
Population:24,089 size of the Municipality:376.30km2（境界未定部分あり）
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13．Amakusa, Kumamoto
Amakusa (天草市, Amakusa-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of March 31, 2017, Amakusa has an estimated population of 83,082 and a population density of 120 persons per km2. The total area is 683.17 km (424.50 mi). Amakusa has the distinction of being the fastest depopulating city in Japan since the last census (2005). Amakusa covers the majority of two main islands, Kamishima (上島, "Upper Island") and Shimoshima (下島, "Lower Island") (天草諸島), and six smaller islands and islets. The modern city of Amakusa was established on March 27, 2006, from a merger between the former cities of Hondo and Ushibuka, and the towns of Amakusa , Ariake, Goshoura, Itsuwa, Kawaura, Kuratake, Shinwa and Sumoto from Amakusa District.Amakusa Airlines is headquartered in Amakusa.
Population:72,386 size of the Municipality:683.86km2
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14．Kōshi, Kumamoto
Kōshi (合志市, Kōshi-shi) is a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of March 31, 2017, the city has an estimated population of 61,022 and a population density of 1,100 persons per km². The total area is 53.19 km².The modern city of Kōshi was established on February 27, 2006, from the merger of former town of Kōshi, with the town of Nishigoshi (both from Kikuchi District). It was the 14th "Great Heisei Merger" in Kumamoto Prefecture.
Population:63,289 size of the Municipality:53.19km2
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15．Misato, Kumamoto
Misato (美里町, Misato-machi) is a town located in Shimomashiki District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. From Kumamoto City, Misato is about 30 minutes by car or an hour and a half by bus. While it is easily accessible by car or bus, there is currently no train service to the town. The town was formed on November 1, 2004 from the merger of the towns of Chūō and Tomochi. As of March 2017, the estimated population is 10,532. The total area is 144.03 km².
Population:8,707 size of the Municipality:144.00km2
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16．Gyokutō, Kumamoto
Gyokutō (玉東町, Gyokutō-machi) is a town located in Tamana District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan on the island of Kyushu. As of March 2017, the town has an estimated population of 5,363 and the density of 220 persons per km². The total area is 24.40 km². The town is served by Konoha railway station on the Kagoshima Main Line. The Hachiman shrine in the town celebrates an annual spring festival on 19 February and an annual autumn festival on 19 November, which involve sumo wrestling, horse chasing, and kagura ritual dances.
Population:5,013 size of the Municipality:24.33km2
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17．Nankan, Kumamoto
Nankan (南関町, Nankan-machi) is a town in Tamana District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of October 1, 2016, the town has an estimated population of 9,572 and a density of 140 persons per km². The total area is 68.92 km². The town's main crops are rice and bamboo.
Population:8,490 size of the Municipality:68.92km2
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18．Nagasu, Kumamoto
Nagasu (長洲町, Nagasu-machi) is a town located in Tamana District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of March 2017, the town has an estimated population of 16,125 and the density of 830 persons per km². The total area is 19.43 km².
Population:14,937 size of the Municipality:19.43km2
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19．Nagomi, Kumamoto
Nagomi (和水町, Nagomi-machi) is a town located in Tamana District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.The town was formed on March 1, 2006 from the merger of the towns of Kikusui and Mikawa, both from Tamana District. As of October 2016, the town has an approximate population of 10,030 and a density of about 100 persons per km². The total area is 98.75 km².
Population:8,918 size of the Municipality:98.78km2
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20．Ōzu, Kumamoto
Ōzu (大津町, Ōzu-machi) is a town located in Kikuchi District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of October 1, 2016, the town has an estimated population of 33,793 and a density of 340 persons per km². The total area is 99.09 km². The town is known for its Azalea (tsutsuji) Festival in the spring. There is a large Honda factory located near Ozu that employs people from around the world. Ozu is also known for its sweet potatoes (karaimo). The town also has one of the oldest homes in Kikuchi District that opens twice a year for tourists, a racing track, and is located on the edge of the caldera that surrounds Mount Aso.Ozu was affected by the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes.
Population:35,820 size of the Municipality:99.10km2（境界未定部分あり）
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21．Kikuyō, Kumamoto
Kikuyō (菊陽町, Kikuyō-machi) is a town located in Kikuchi District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of October 2016, the town has an estimated population of 41,411 and a density of 1,100 persons per km2. The total area is 37.57 km2. Kikuyō borders the city of Kumamoto on the north-east side and is centered on Highway 57 and the Aso-bound train line. The town is growing, due to the presence of a Tokyo Electric plant and the current construction of a new Fujifilm plant on highway 57.Kikuyō is known for its Kikuyō carrots. Kikuyō has two junior high schools, six elementary schools, and eight public preschools. Most senior high school students attend public schools in the cities of Kumamoto or Ōzu.
Population:44,315 size of the Municipality:37.46km2
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22．Minamioguni, Kumamoto
Minamioguni (南小国町, Minamioguni-machi) is a town located in Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of October 2016, the town has an estimated population of 3,977 and a density of 34 persons per km². The total area is 115.86 km².
Population:3,638 size of the Municipality:115.90km2
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23．Oguni, Kumamoto
Oguni (小国町, Oguni-machi) is a town in Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 8,735 and a density of 63.76 persons per km². The total area is 137.00 km².
Population:6,325 size of the Municipality:136.94km2（境界未定部分あり）
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24．Ubuyama, Kumamoto
Ubuyama (産山村, Ubuyama-mura) is a village located in Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. It is located on the northeast rim of the Aso caldera. As of January 2021, the village has an estimated population of 1,438 and a population density of 24 persons per km2. The total area is 60.72 km2. Local attractions include Ubuyama Farm, Ikeyama fountainhead, Higotai Flower Park, Ubuyama Farm Village, hot springs, Ubuyama Campgrounds and several restaurants. Known for its clean water and delicious food, Ubuyama's economy is mainly based on agriculture and tourism. Most restaurants and tourist attractions close early.
Population:1,336 size of the Municipality:60.81km2（境界未定部分あり）
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25．Takamori, Kumamoto
Takamori (高森町, Takamori-machi) is a town located in Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of October 1, 2016, the town has an estimated population of 6,189 and a density of 35 persons per km². The total area is 174.90 km².
Population:5,602 size of the Municipality:175.06km2
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26．Nishihara, Kumamoto
Nishihara (西原村, Nishihara-mura) is a village located in Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of March 2017, the village has an estimated population of 6,752 and a population density of 87 persons per km². The total area is 77.23 km².
Population:6,615 size of the Municipality:77.22km2
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27．Minamiaso, Kumamoto
Minamiaso (南阿蘇村, Minamiaso-mura, literally "South Aso") is a village in Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. It was formed on February 13, 2005 from the merger of the villages of Chōyō, Hakusui and Kugino. Neighbouring towns are Takamori, Ōzu, and Nishihara. As of April 30, 2019, the village has an estimated population of 10,535 and a population density of 77 persons per km². The total area is 137.30 km².
Population:9,595 size of the Municipality:137.32km2（境界未定部分あり）
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28．Mifune, Kumamoto
Mifune (御船町, Mifune-machi) is a town located in Kamimashiki District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.As of October 2016, the town has an estimated population of 16,901 and a density of 170 persons per km². The total area is 99.00 km². Mifune Town is well known for being home to Costco Kumamoto.
Population:16,417 size of the Municipality:99.03km2
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29．Kashima, Kumamoto
Kashima (嘉島町, Kashima-machi) is a town located in Kamimashiki District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of November 2016, the town has an estimated population of 9,119 and a density of 550 persons per km². The total area is 16.66 km². Kashima Town is well known for being home to AEON Mall Kumamoto.
Population:9,873 size of the Municipality:16.65km2
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30．Mashiki, Kumamoto
Mashiki (益城町, Mashiki-machi) is a town located in Kamimashiki District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of March 2017, the town has an estimated population of 33,001 and a density of 500 persons per km². The total area is 65.67 km². Kumamoto Airport is located in Mashiki. Mashiki was near the epicenter of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, leading to fire and rubble killing at least 40 people.
Population:32,857 size of the Municipality:65.68km2
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31．Kōsa, Kumamoto
Kōsa (甲佐町, Kōsa-machi) is a town located in Kamimashiki District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of February 2017, the town has an estimated population of 10,924 and a density of 190 persons per km². The total area is 57.87 km².
Population:9,946 size of the Municipality:57.93km2
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32．Yamato, Kumamoto
Yamato (山都町, Yamato-chō) is a town in Kamimashiki District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The town was formed on February 11, 2005 from the merger of the municipalities of Yabe and Seiwa with the town of Soyō from Aso District. As of February 28, 2017, the town has an estimated population of 15,771 and a density of 29 persons per km2. The total area is 544.83 km2.
Population:12,685 size of the Municipality:544.67km2
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33．Hikawa, Kumamoto
Hikawa (氷川町, Hikawa-chō) is a town located in Yatsushiro District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The town was formed on October 1, 2005 from the merger of the towns of Miyahara and Ryūhoku. As of March 2017, the town has an estimated population of 12,250 and a density of 370 persons per km². The total area is 33.29 km².
Population:10,643 size of the Municipality:33.36km2
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34．Ashikita, Kumamoto
Ashikita (芦北町, Ashikita-machi) is a town located in Ashikita District (葦北郡, Ashikita-gun), Kumamoto, Japan.Ashikita is situated on the south west coast of the island of Kyushu in Southern Japan, and it is known for its attractive coastlines, beaches and its production of citrus fruit. Ashikita is famous for its fresh local produce, in particular dekopon oranges (also known as shiranui), and amanatsu oranges. It also has iconic sailboats called utasebune (打たせ船) which fish for famous cutlassfish (太刀魚 tachiuo) and red-footed shrimp (足赤海老 ashiaka ebi). Other local delicacies include Ashikita beef, Otachimisaki salt, Ozeki rice and Ozeki shochu (sake).
Population:14,728 size of the Municipality:234.00km2
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35．Tsunagi, Kumamoto
Tsunagi (津奈木町, Tsunagi-machi) is a town located in Ashikita District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2016, the town has an estimated population of 4,574 and a density of 130 persons per km2. The total area is 33.97 km2. Residents of Tsunagi were among those affected by Minamata disease. There is also a tradition of biwa-playing in Tsunagi.
Population:4,113 size of the Municipality:34.07km2
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36．Nishiki, Kumamoto
Nishiki (錦町, Nishiki-machi) is a town located in Kuma District (also known as Kuma County), Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The town's name is the Japanese word for "brocade", and is used as a name for more than one town in Japan. The town can trace its origin back to the merger of three villages in 1884. Two more villages (Ichibu and Kijo) were merged with Nishiki, then known as Nishi-mura or "West village", in 1955. It formally gained its status as a town (町; chō or machi) on April 1, 1965. At one time, between 1985 and 2006, Nishiki was twinned with the (now defunct) town of Nishiki, Yamaguchi. In April 2017, the town had an estimated population of 10,899 and a density of 140.26 persons per km2. The total area is 84.87 km2 (32.77 sq mi). Nishiki is served by the Higo-Nishinomura Station of the Kumagawa Railroad Yunomae Line.
Population:10,024 size of the Municipality:85.04km2
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37．Taragi, Kumamoto
Taragi (多良木町, Taragi-machi) is a town located in Kuma District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.As of October 1, 2016, the town has an estimated population of 9,604 and a density of 58 persons per km². The total area is 165.87 km².
Population:8,643 size of the Municipality:165.86km2
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38．Yunomae, Kumamoto
Yunomae (湯前町, Yunomae-machi) is a town located in Kuma District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of March 31, 2017, the town has an estimated population of 4,046 and a density of 84 persons per km². The total area is 48.41 km².
Population:3,471 size of the Municipality:48.37km2
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39．Mizukami, Kumamoto
Mizukami (水上村, Mizukami-mura) is a village located in Kuma District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of March 2017, the village has an estimated population of 2,276 and a population density of 12 persons per km². The total area is 192.11 km².
Population:1,932 size of the Municipality:190.96km2
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40．Sagara, Kumamoto
Sagara (相良村, Sagara-mura) is a village located in Kuma District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of March 2017, the village has an estimated population of 4,598 and a population density of 49 persons per km². The total area is 94.54 km².
Population:3,891 size of the Municipality:94.54km2
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41．Itsuki, Kumamoto
Itsuki (五木村, Itsuki-mura) is a village located in Kuma District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. In March 2017 the village had an estimated population of 1,136 and a density of 4.5 persons per km2. The total area is 252.94 km2. The village is located in the southeast of Kumamoto and the north of the regional center Hitoyoshi. It is very mountainous and most villagers live in narrow valleys eroded by Kawabe River and others. The name of Itsuki is well known for an indigenous folksong Itsuki no Komoriuta, or Lullaby of Itsuki. The plan for constructing Kawabe River Dam was accepted by the village after a long dispute among villagers and environmentalists.
Population:860 size of the Municipality:252.92km2
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42．Yamae, Kumamoto
Yamae (山江村, Yamae-mura) is a village located in Kuma District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. In March 2017 the village had an estimated population of 3,553 and a population density of 29 persons per km². The total area is 121.2 km².
Population:3,097 size of the Municipality:121.19km2
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43．Kuma, Kumamoto
Kuma (球磨村, Kuma-mura) is a village located in Kuma District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of May 1, 2021 the village had an estimated population of 3,012 and a population density of 19 persons per km2. The total area is 207.73 km2. Located in the southern portion of Kumamoto Prefecture, the Kuma River flows through the center. 90% of the village is covered by forests. One of Japan's largest limestone caves, Kyūsen-dō, is located in Kuma. There are two large mountains located near Kuma village. In addition, there are several mountains measuring under 700 meters whose tributaries feed into the Kuma river. The average rain fall in Kuma Mura is roughly 2,300 millimeters. Kuma village has a variety of symbols including the Japanese cedar tree, the mountain cherry blossoms, the kingfisher, and the sweet fish. The main industries of Kuma Village are forestry and agriculture. Kuma village can be accessed by rail via the JR Kyushu Hisatsu Line. There are three train stations located in the Kuma district: Watari Station, Naraguchi Station and Isshōchi Station.
Population:1,982 size of the Municipality:207.58km2
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44．Asagiri, Kumamoto
Asagiri (あさぎり町, Asagiri-chō) is a town located in Kuma District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of April 2017, the town has an estimated population of 15,796. The total area is 159.49 km2. Asagiri was created by the merger of 5 smaller towns and villages on April 1, 2003. Those included the town of Menda, and the villages of Ōkaharu, Ue, Sue and Fukada, all from Kuma District. Soybeans, strawberries, melons and tobacco are also produced here. Asagiri is in the Kuma District region where shōchū, a popular rice alcohol is produced and consumed. The village of Sue (now part of Asagiri) was the topic of a 1939 text, Suye Mura, a Japanese Village by John Embree. The word "asagiri" translates as "morning mist".
Population:14,119 size of the Municipality:159.56km2
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45．Reihoku, Kumamoto
Reihoku (苓北町, Reihoku-machi) is a town located in Amakusa District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2017, the town has an estimated population of 7,462 and a density of 110 persons per km². The total area is 67.06 km². Reihoku is home to the Kyushudenryoku Reihoku Power Station, a 1,400-megawatt coal-fired power station.
Population:6,673 size of the Municipality:67.58km2
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Municipalities in Kumamoto Prefecture